Whereas round-bottomed flasks will usually have a ground glass joint on their neck, to allow connection to other apparatus, Florence flasks, supposedly named after Florence in Italy, tend to merely have a lip. They are frequently used by chemists for reactions and in rotary evaporators. Both have round bottoms, designed to spread out heat evenly when they are heated. Round-bottomed flasks and Florence flasks look very similar, but there is a slight difference between the two. To create a solution of a specific concentration, we need to know the volume of the solution the narrow neck of the volumetric flask will have a thin graduation to show where a specific volume is reached. Volumetric flasks are used primarily in the preparation of standard solutions. This also makes them useful for boiling liquids, and additionally their necks can support filter funnels. Named after the German chemist Emil Erlenmeyer, who created the flask in 1860, it’s designed so that its contents can be swirled easily without spilling out. Of all the flasks used in chemistry, the most iconic is the conical (Erlenmeyer) flask. Boiling tubes aren’t that different from test tubes in appearance, but are used when heating is required – they tend to be made of thicker glass, and are slightly larger and wider. Test tubes are the archetypal image of chemistry, whilst beakers also make frequent appearances in school practicals. These items should be familiar to anyone who’s been in a chemistry practical lesson in school. Below there’s also a little detail on the usage of each. Don’t know your round-bottomed flask from your Florence flask, or your pipettes from your burettes? This graphic has you covered. Glassware in the laboratory comes in a range of different shapes and sizes, and is used for a number of purposes.
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